Applications of Cables in Engineering Works:

In the recent years natural rubber has been completely replaced by synthetic rubbers and plastics as cable insulation. The physical properties required for wire and cable insulation depend on the type of Applications of Cables in Engineering Works. It should have good elongation and tensile strength and toughness, so that it will withstand handling during installation and service. It should also have low dielectric constant and power factor but high dielectric strength and insulation resistance. Also, during operation, because of overloading, the insulation may be exposed to high temperatures for long periods of time. This necessitates the insulation to have excellent resistance to ageing at high temperatures.


The insulation should also be able to withstand long exposure to sunlight and various chemicals. Applications of Cables in Engineering Works are also laid in rivers and under the sea. For these applications it should have very low water absorption. When cables have to operate at low temperature, the insulation should not become stiff and brittle. The partial discharges in the cable insulation should also be kept as low as possible.
The main types of insulants used in the cable industries are paper, rubber, plastics and compressed gas. Paper insulated lead sheathed cables are still used because of their reliability, high dielectric strength, low dielectric loss, and long life. The most commonly used insulating materials for low and medium voltage (up to 3.3 kV) cables is polyvinylchloride (P.V.C.) Polyethylene and cross-linked polyethylene are also used. P.V.C. is not suitable for high voltage applications because of its high dielectric constant and high loss. It cannot be operated continuously at higher voltages, although it can be used up to 85°C continuous at low voltages.
On the other hand, polyethylene has low dielectric constant and low loss but high dielectric strength. The best material for high voltage and high temperature operation is teflon (P.T.F.E.) which can be used up to 250°C. Silicone rubber has a high degree of heat resistance for continuous operation up to 150°C. It gives rise to very little carbon formation when destroyed by fire, and as such it continues to function even after the fire. Hence it is used for aircraft cables it help desk jobs near me where contamination with aircraft fuel can occur at very high temperatures

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